...and, if it isn't strictly a panic stop, but you'd like to stop in a hurry, many decoders have 'hard braking' with F7. It overcomes high 'momentum' settings in CV4 and brings the voltage down to zero in about five or six seconds.
To the OP, you should know which decoders you are dealing with. Download the manual for that version at the manufacturer's site, and see what range of values you can input for all CV's. They are not all the same. Some go from 0-15, while others go up to 255 or whatever it is. For drag freights, you would want something with the top 15% of maximum value if not that actual top value. Passenger trains, especially commuters hauled by electric motors like the GG1 or a boxcab, would accelerate quite a bit more brutally.